阐释荚果相关性状的遗传基础是改良花生品种产量的重要前提。本研究以高产高油新品种中花16及其2个直接亲本和6个间接亲本为材料，对荚果性状及其相应SSR标记进行鉴定。结果表明，中花16的荚果长、百果重和百仁重低于其直接亲本8130和中花5号，但高于全部供试8个亲本的平均值；荚果宽和种子宽大于直接亲本和间接亲本的对应值；种子长高于直接亲本和8个亲本的平均值。通过136对多态性SSR引物鉴定表明，中花16具有直接亲本8130的64.1%和中花5号87.3%的条带，且中花16还具有一些直接亲本中不存在而在间接亲本中存在的一些条带。综合分析SSR标记带型和表型数据，鉴定出5个与百果重相关、4个与百仁重相关、3个与荚果长相关、3个与种子长相关的候选分子标记。综合分析表明，直接和间接亲本中与大果性状相关的标记IPAHM606-1、IPAHM531-1、GA8-2、1B9-4和HAS0428-2条带在育种过程中传递给了中花16。
Pod traits including pod length and width，seed length and width, 100－pod weight, and 100－seed weight of a high yield and high oil content novel peanut cultivar Zhonghua 16 and 8 related parental lines in its breeding pedigree were investigated. The results indicated that the pod length, 100－pod weight and 100－seed weight of Zhonghua 16 were lower than the corresponding data of the immediate parental genotypes, Zhonghua 5 and 8130 respectively, but higher than the corresponding means of all 8 parental lines respectively. The pod width and seed width of Zhonghua 16 were higher than that of the 8 parental lines in the pedigree respectively. The seed length of Zhonghua 16 were higher than that of the Zhonghua 5 and 8130 and the average of the 8 parents respectively. Based on the results of PCR analysis using 136 polymorphic SSR primers, 64.1% and 87.3% polymorphic bands of 8130 and Zhonghua 5 were identified in Zhonghua 16. Besides, there were some bands in Zhonghua 16 which were absent in both direct parents 8130 and Zhonghua 5. Certain candidate SSR markers related to the pod traits were identified including 5 markers related to 100 － pod weight, 4 related to 100－seed weight, 3 related to pod length and 3 related to seed length. Several SSR bands related to large pod including IPAHM606－1, IPAHM531－1, GA8－2, 1B9 － 4 and HAS0428 － 2 were observed to have been inherited from the parents to Zhonghua 16.